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Rev. salud pública ; 10(4): 625-632, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-511313

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Definir los posibles vectores de leishmaniasis, teniendo en cuenta su abundancia e infección natural con Leishmania spp. en un área endémica de la zona rural de Villavicencio, Meta. Materiales y Métodos En la vereda La Reforma, donde se presentaron casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en caninos y humanos, se recolectaron con trampas CDC los flebótomos en el intra, peri y extradomicilio de 15 viviendas. Grupos de 1 a 3 hembras de la misma especie fueron procesados por PCR para la detección de parásitos de Leishmania spp. Resultados Se capturaron 1 304 flebótomos distribuidos en 9 especies de las cuales L. antunesi (75,6 por ciento) y L. walkeri (19,2 por ciento) fueron las más abundantes. Otras especies reconocidas como antropofílicas (L. panamensis y L. gomezi), se presentaron con abundancias muy bajas (< 2,4). La PCR detectó infección con Leishmania spp. en dos grupos de L. antunesi (total= 123 hembras procesadas). Conclusiones L. antunesi por su abundancia e infección natural con Leishmania spp. podría estar involucrada en la transmisión de la leishmaniasis cutánea en un área rural al suroeste del municipio de Villavicencio.


Objective Identifying probable cutaneous leishmaniasis vectors in a rural area a few kilometres from the city of Villavicencio, taking the relative abundance of sand-flies and their natural infection with Leishmania spphaving into account. Materials and Methods A CDC trap was used for sampling sand-flies in and around 15 dwellings. Pools of three females from the most abundant Lutzomyia species were used for identifying Leishmania spp. by PCR, with OL1 and OL2 primers. Results 1 304 sand-flies from nine species were captured, of which L. antunesi (75,6 percent) and L. walkeri (19,2 percent) were the most abundant. These was a low abundance of L. panamensis and L. gomezi anthropophilic species (<2,4 percent). PCR detected Leishmania spp. infection in two L. antunesi groups (total=123 processed females). Conclusions Due to the fact that L. antunesi was the most abundant species and was found to have Leishmania infection, it may be considered to be the main suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis vector in the rural area being studied. It is recommended that detailed studies of this species’ biology (including biting and resting behaviour) should be carried out, aimed at furthering vector control measures.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Leishmania/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Psychodidae/parasitology , Colombia/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology , Rural Population
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